Ball Joints

 

 

Potential test questions:  Topics to know

 

1.      Steering Linkage identification

2        TOOT (Toe out on Turns)– use 20° as a reference point if measuring

3        A.K.A – Ackerman Principle or Turning Radius (Angle)

4        Unloading Ball Joints – unload loaded supporting ball joint and have air gap at rubber jounce pad

5        Coil springs and stabilizer bars

6        Axial and radial movement

7        Suspension – looseness tends to allow suspension to go toward the negative camber

8        Ride height importance

9        Purging a shock, getting the air out

10    Low tire pressure pull

 

Shake Down procedures.  Should usually be done at normal curb height position.  This means that components such as control arms are in the normal position of driving down the road.  This is where the most wear can occur. If the technician lifts the vehicle with the control arms hanging down, this does two things.  It presses the control arm against the rubber rebound stop and also places the control arm in a position where is might not be worn.

 

UNLOADING BALL JOINT   

 

Allows tire to pivot, swivel, support vehicle; unloading means to get rid of spring tension

1.      Purpose:

·        Support car

·        Allow to pivot, swivel

·        SLA Type 1 is easiest to unload

 

·        What type of spring tension?                                               

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

·        Load carrying ball joint

·        Non-Load carrying (follower) ball joint

·        Load carrying ball joint has spring supporting the control arm, Type 1 has spring on lower control arm (lower ball joint is load carrying) and Type II has spring on upper control arm.

·        Follow path from the frame through spring to ground – which ever ball joint this path passes through is the load supporting ball joint

·        Unload loaded ball joint – SLA 1, support with stands as close to the ball joints as possible; use pry bar at tire to lift. 

      Will pull apart if it has looseness.

·        Must have air gap at rubber striker pad (bumper)

 

 

 

 

 

·        2 things to do before checking Ball Joints:

·        Unload the load supporting ball joint

·        Must have air gap at rubber striker pad  (this will insure that the ball joint is unloaded)

 

·        SLA Type 1 is easiest to check ball joint

wear.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SLA Type 2 (with spring on upper

control arm)

1.      Lift

2.      Install wedge (special tool)

3.      Jack stand

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

·        Ball joints can be held in place by:

1.      Pressed fit   

2.      Riveted        

3.      Screw in type or threaded 

4.      Bolted     

 

Wear Indicator Ball Joint – usually on rear wheel drive

 

·        Look at boss that grease fitting screws into

·        Boss should stick out .050” when new

·        As the ball joint wears, the boss will move up. 

It should be replaced when the boss is either

flush with housing or has moved up into ball joint.

·        Must be checked loaded

 

 

 

 

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